World AIDS Day 2024: Reflecting on progress and challenges in the UK 

29 Nov 2024 IN Opinions and insight

Michael Gill, Co-chair of Pride – our LGBTQIA+ colleague group  

Each year on 1 December, World AIDS Day provides an opportunity to remember those who have died of AIDS-related illnesses, celebrate advancements in treatment and prevention, and renew the call to action in the fight against HIV/AIDS.  

 In the UK, this day serves as a reminder of both the progress made and the ongoing challenges in addressing HIV and supporting those living with it. 

The current landscape of HIV in the UK 

The UK has made significant strides in tackling HIV/AIDS over the past few decades. According to Public Health England, new HIV diagnoses have been declining, with the country achieving the UNAIDS “90-90-90” targets by 2020 and continuing to work toward the more ambitious “95-95-95” goals. This means that most people living with HIV in the UK are diagnosed, on treatment, and achieving viral suppression. 

These achievements are a testament to robust public health initiatives, widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy, and the success of preventative measures like pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Additionally, increasing awareness and routine testing have helped to destigmatize HIV, encouraging more people to know their status. 

Challenges still remain

Despite these advancements, challenges persist. Late diagnoses remain a significant issue, with around 40% of new HIV cases diagnosed at a late stage. Late diagnoses not only pose serious health risks to individuals but also increases the likelihood of further transmission. 

Stigma also continues to be a major barrier. Many people living with HIV face discrimination in healthcare, workplaces, and social settings, which can lead to isolation and hinder efforts to encourage testing and treatment adherence. World AIDS Day provides a crucial platform to challenge these misconceptions, reminding the public that with modern treatments, people living with HIV can live long, healthy lives and cannot pass on the virus when their viral load is undetectable. 

 Addressing inequalities 

Inequalities in access to HIV prevention and treatment also remain. Certain groups, such as Black African communities, gay and bisexual men, and migrants, are disproportionately affected by HIV. Structural factors – including racism, poverty, and limited access to healthcare – exacerbate these disparities. Tackling these inequities requires targeted interventions, culturally sensitive health education, and stronger community engagement. 

Furthermore, while PrEP has been a game-changer in preventing new infections, accessibility remains uneven across the UK. Ensuring that PrEP is available to everyone who needs it – regardless of their socioeconomic status or location – is essential for reducing new HIV transmissions.  

The Role of advocacy and awareness 

World AIDS Day helps amplify awareness campaigns and advocate for continued investment in HIV prevention, treatment, and research. It is a reminder that the fight against HIV is not over, even as the UK moves closer to its goal of ending new transmissions by 2030.

Community organisations such as the Terrence Higgins Trust, the National AIDS Trust, and local HIV support groups, play a vital role in this effort. Their work in providing education, supporting those living with HIV, and lobbying for policy changes has been instrumental in shaping the UK’s response to HIV/AIDS. 

Remembering lives lost and celebrating progress

World AIDS Day is also a time for remembrance. In the early years of the epidemic, thousands of lives were lost to AIDS-related illnesses, leaving behind grieving families and friends. The stigma and fear of those times still linger in the memories of many. Honouring those who have passed is a vital part of this day, reminding us of the urgency of continued action.

At the same time, it is important to celebrate how far we have come. Advances in medical science mean that HIV is no longer a death sentence. Breakthroughs in treatment, prevention, and education have transformed the landscape, offering hope to millions of people worldwide.

A call to action

As we observe World AIDS Day 2024, we are reminded of our collective responsibility to support those living with HIV, fight against stigma, and work toward a future free of HIV/AIDS. The UK has proven that progress is possible through a combination of public health policy, medical innovation, and community support. But this progress can only continue if we remain vigilant and committed. 

Ending HIV is not just a medical challenge – it is a social one. By fostering inclusivity, addressing inequalities, and supporting comprehensive sexual health education, the UK can lead the way in demonstrating what a world without HIV might look like. 

This World AIDS Day, let us honour the past, celebrate the present, and commit to a healthier, more equitable future.

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